國際不再恐同日將於本周日(今天!)三時於銅鑼灣東角道集合出發, 無論同志不同志, 請大家齊齊向歧視,偏見及無知說不!
國際不再恐同日專輯
《彩虹行動》幹事煒煒05年發表過一篇文章,叫〈以基督信仰為名的反同運動〉,文中分析以基督教為基礎的反同運動在過去十年來策略上的轉變:九六年的公眾諮詢意見集,把「同性戀」與「同居」並列為不可接受的道德觀念。隨?社會對「同居」這觀念的去污名化,「同居」已經不能再喚起恐懼,反同人士只好改變策略把「同性戀」與其他仍然被認為是異常偏差的性行為,如「孌童」、「姦屍」等相提並論,為達到把同志充份妖魔化的效果。更有趣的是,九六年的意見內,有新教組織引羅馬書作為反對不同性傾向人士爭取立法平權的原因。但 05年「維護家庭聯盟」在明報第一次買廣告,抗議性傾向歧視立法,那合共四頁、近萬個簽名的聲明中,卻不見任何聖經引文,反而是用「逆向歧視」、防害良心自由、青年受污染等為由。既然基督信仰視聖經為永恆真理,那香港的基督反同運動為什麼會因應「市場」策略來修改其反同理據呢?煒煒提出了一個觀點,一針見血:「基督信仰反同運動已由一種『信仰』發展為一種政治」;本來是主張愛與誠、導人向善的信仰,變成著眼於不擇手段的權力角力。而這種透過信仰之名來贏取政治權力的方法,很大程度上是效法美國的福音右派反同運動,足以讓布殊一次又一次的當選。
煒煒這分析其實是跟去年台灣同玩節發放的「同志手冊」中何春蕤教授發表的一篇對明光社的分析文章中論點不謀而合。明光社在1997年成立,據說宗旨是為了「關注傳媒污染、正視社會歪風」。他們在03年開始,出版一系列關於同性戀的論述、04年底與其他機構合辦「重建整全心性工作坊」,旨在「改正」同性戀、05年10月承辦香港教育統籌局為中小學教師開設的人權教育培訓課程等,把影響力從出版,擴展至教育、心理輔導及治療各層面。何老師指出,明光社的一大策略是,把一些新興、漸趨普及化的主流意識常用的一些詞彙,如「歧視」、「人權」等在不同的場合、借不同的機會改變它們的意義,來壯大自己的聲勢。如05年明報廣告中提出「逆向歧視」時,申明自己不是在歧視同性戀者,只是反對歧視立法,並提出立法後反而會造成他們被同性戀者歧視的危機,又把同性戀者爭取的人權講成是特權,好像說我不贊成為殘障人士設置他們可用的設施,但不是歧視他們,因為他們要求的是特權。當他們說他們的工作坊是支持同性戀者有選擇決定自身性向的權利時,此種所謂「選擇」卻只可是「從同性戀變直」這唯一可能。等於說:他們尊重你有跟他們買任何一種水果的選擇權,不過他們只是賣橙。所以,他們的論述其實已遠遠脫離宗教與信仰的層面,而主要在於如何把一些在香港社會被廣泛認為進步的詞彙,如尊重、民主、人權、選擇等淘空,然後配上利於他們發展的內容。
我很感謝基督徒學會給我這個機會,重新思考回歸十年來性小眾社群面對何等樣有增沒減的社會歧視、龐大的打壓勢力與日新月異的論述鬥爭策略。對於我來說,作為性小眾一份子是一個深具道德意涵與靈性的身份。我唸了十五年天主教學校,雖然父母都不是教徒、沒有在我小時讓我領洗,但我在小學堅持自己每週日早上去望彌撒。我的信仰多年來改變不少,但卻自小教曉我要懷?感恩與寬恕的心,對社會、建制明白不需要盲從附和,要認清世俗生命的限制,學習想象更遙遠、更美善的生命。這個靈性空間也教我要對所有弱勢社群,不同種族、階級、性別、性傾向、職業、身體狀況、國族文化的人,提醒自己要懷?同理心,因為基督最關心的,也是所有弱勢社群的人,他自己更選擇作為弱勢社群的一份子。醉心權力、自以為是、爭取道德高地的人,只是把自己囿在不自由、自驕自大的牢籠中。
(本文為香港基督徒學會主辦「回歸十年研討系列:抗衡與轉化」講座系列12/5/07之發言稿)
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請問天雨安排?
如題
What is Politics?
"煒煒提出了一個觀點,一針見血:「基督信仰反同運動已由一種『信仰』發展為一種政治」;本來是主張愛與誠、導人向善的信仰,變成著眼於不擇手段的權力角力。" Unless the author of this statement explain in what sense "基督信仰" on any plausible interpretation must support homosexuality, or else the whole statement is plain non-sense. Those Christians who believe, bona fide, that they ought not to support homosexuality have been using legitimate means to promote their views, means which the supporters of homosexuality would never hesitate to use; those Christians have been trying to steer the law in one way, no more than the supporters of homosexuality to steer it in the other way. How then are those Christians more "不擇手段" than these supporters of homosexuality?
Perhaps Christianity is indeed bad, because on certain plausible interpretations of it homosexuality is by Christians to be condemned. If so, then what the author of the statement ought to attack is not the alleged fact that "基督信仰反同運動已由一種『信仰』發展為一種政治," but those plausible interpretations themselves. It is very troubling to see authors call what they do not like "politics" or "不擇手段," while doing pretty much the same, only that these authors proclaim themselves to be "more enligntened Christians" or "atheists."
基督教和同志
當然基督教又好,同志又好,其實都是用已有的文化資本,例如聖經,聯會國的人權宣言,等去支持自己..本來文本沒有的東西,可能經過用者的引申,又好似變成存在,以支持某些"政治"的目的.這是一場戰爭.
---然而同志社群確實被人否定,被人詮釋成一些不正常的人,所以有些同志不敢講自己是同志, 神聖的東西不在同志那一邊..她們只會被定義為魔鬼和誘惑---基督教又好,佛教又好,islam又好..什麼也好...其實不斷要維繫這種sacred 與profane, 目的就是建立秩序..
----我不理祂----聽人講了咁多同志....我反而想知什麼是同志, 有點模糊...
To Y.T.
There are many ways I could respond to Y.T. comments. I'll try to be as brief as possible:
1. Historically speaking, Christian fundamentalists have been employing many diverse and changeable ways to gain influence, way beyond the scope, imagination and ethical limits of LBGT activists in HK. I won't get into the details in this context but to give you an idea, I know personally (way too many) gay people who have lost their jobs because their employers received complaints from Christians. If I adopt your logic-- guess what do you think would happen in HK if a gay person complains a colleague of her/his Christianity?
2. This brings us to the issue of CONTEXT and PURPOSE in power struggle, which is the point of my short speech. Given the circumstances in present day HK, sexual minorities are struggling for survival while the Christian majority (as opposed to the Christian minority) is struggling for social and political dominance. Hence, Jo Ho's analogy about the physically disadvantaged. If you say that as long as both parties are struggling for more power then they should necessarily be seen as the same, then you're basically repeating exactly the rhetoric of the fundamentalists ("I'm fighting for democracy and civil rights just like the rest of you!")
3. In this movement where social and political dominance is the main goal, Christianity (or any religious beliefs for that matter) is a just a ploy. And that's Waiwai's point, in her very layman and sharp language. Arguing about any "certain plausible interpretations of Christianity" is entirely missing the point.
From Politics to Ethical Judgment and Beyond: A Reply to 游靜
1. 游靜 said: "If I adopt your logic-- guess what do you think would happen in HK if a gay person complains a colleague of her/his Christianity?" I would not dispute the sort of answer you are likely to give to this question; you might, even with my support, declare that what the conservative Christians do, e.g. deprive LBGT people of their jobs, is ETHICALLY WRONG, and that it is urgent to change the law to protect the potential victims. But to say, with 煒煒, that "基督信仰反同運動已由一種『信仰』發展為一種政治" is too murky to make any sense at all.
If you meant by that statement to suggest, that sometime in the past conservative Christians only believed in anti-LBGT, but never used their social influence, public and private, to promote their views and further their ends; that therefore there is a recent change in the strategy of these conservatives, namely, that they begin to do something; hence their movement's becoming political: if you meant this, then you were making either a trivial observation or, at your own admission, even a wrong one: "Historically speaking," you just told us, "Christian fundamentalists have been employing many diverse and changeable ways [...]": not a recent development at all.
But you seemed to mean something different. You seemed to suggest, by the term "政治," that what these conservatives do is bad, very bad. So "政治," for you, is not only a descriptive term, meaning for instance the active use of social influence to promote views and further ends; but a normative one, indicating that the activity is ethically wrong. I am not sure whether you would ever call what you, or other LBGT activists, do "政治": If you do, and you only use the term descriptively, then "基督信仰反同運動已由一種『信仰』發展為一種政治" ought to carry no normative judgment at all: and as a description it is, as we just saw, either trivial or wrong. But if you do use the term, and use it normatively, then why is your "政治" commendable, but that of the conservatives to be condemned? The answer, not surprisingly, must lie in your view that certain moral beliefs of the conservatives are ethically wrong. But to articulate this point, you must either declare that the conservatives have misinterpreted their religion (hence my reference to plausible interpretations) or that the religion is in fact evil--XOX has long been advocating this, shall we say, radical position--seeing that all plausible interpretations of it indeed support anti-LBGT.
2. 游靜 said: "If you say that as long as both parties are struggling for more power then they should necessarily be seen as the same, then you're basically repeating exactly the rhetoric of the fundamentalists ("I'm fighting for democracy and civil rights just like the rest of you!")" No. I meant only to say that you could not condemn the other party simply by calling what it does "politics," as if the term already carried a clear normative judgment. There is ample room for you to articulate an ethical position against the conservatives.
3. 游靜 said: "In this movement where social and political dominance is the main goal, Christianity (or any religious beliefs for that matter) is a just a ploy." How do you know that, ma'am? Many conservative Christians--and I do not mean to sympathize with them--believe that it is truly God's will that LBGT people are decadent and evil. For them, Christianity is not a ploy, but the very foundation of their normative judgment. A set of beliefs might have motivated you to help out the LBGT people; would you say to yourself, that those beliefs are merely a ploy? Many Democrats in the US have long said that culture and religion and moral values are merely a ploy: "It's the economy, stupid." But unfortunately, it turns out that many voters, from different classes, are really motivated by culture and religion and moral values to vote for the Republicans; losing the moral battle has, I would you agree, cost the Democrats dearly. This is a lesson which LBGT activists might want to take to heart.
門外漢的意見
恐同,相對於女同志,似乎男同志情況要更嚴重。社會對男同志反感的理由往往是「兩個麻甩佬攬埋一舊,好核突」,相反對於兩個女仔攬埋一舊,會覺得 ok 接受到,甚至認為有美感。我覺得社會不太懂得欣賞男性胴體/性徵的美,同志團體不如與藝術工作者多些互動,向社會展示男性美的一面,作為性向教育的一個補足。